Firebase 푸시 메시지(Android)

Flutter에서 푸시 메시지를 받기 위한 코드를 작성하는 예제이다.

 

필요한 패키지는 아래 작성되어있다.

flutter_local_notifications

firebase_messaging

firebase_core

 

AndroidManifest.xml의  application아래 문장을 추가한다.

<meta-data android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_channel_id" android:value="high_importance_channel" />

여기서 value에는 원하는 채널 명을 넣으면 된다.

 

아래는 전체 코드이다.

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:firebase_core/firebase_core.dart';
import 'package:firebase_messaging/firebase_messaging.dart';
import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_local_notifications/flutter_local_notifications.dart';

late AndroidNotificationChannel channel;
late FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin;

Future onBackgroundHandler(RemoteMessage message) async {
  print("onBackgroundMessage: ${message.data}");
  return Future.value();
}

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
  await Firebase.initializeApp();
  FirebaseMessaging.onBackgroundMessage(onBackgroundHandler);

  if (!kIsWeb) {
    channel = const AndroidNotificationChannel(
      'high_importance_channel', // id
      'High Importance Notifications', // title
      importance: Importance.high,
    );
    flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin = FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin();

	await FirebaseMessaging.instance.requestPermission(
      alert: true,
      announcement: true,
      badge: true,
      carPlay: true,
      criticalAlert: true,
      provisional: true,
      sound: true,
    );
    
    // Notification Channel을 디바이스에 생성
    await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin
        .resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<
        AndroidFlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin>()
        ?.createNotificationChannel(channel);

    await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(
        const InitializationSettings(
            android: AndroidInitializationSettings('@mipmap/ic_launcher'),
            iOS: IOSInitializationSettings()),
        onSelectNotification: (String? payload) async {
          // Background에서 수신했을 때 생성되는 heads up notification 클릭했을 때의 동작을 작성
        });
  }

  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: const MyHomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  late String token = '';

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    FirebaseMessaging.instance
        .getInitialMessage()
        .then((RemoteMessage? message) {
    });
    _firebaseCloudMessagingListeners();
    tokenInit();

  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: const Text("Firebase Test"),
        ),
        body: Center(
            child: Column(
          children: <Widget>[
            Text("토큰 값 : $token"),
          ],
        )));
  }

  Future<void> tokenInit() async {
    await FirebaseMessaging.instance.getToken().then((tokenData) {
      print(tokenData);
      setState(() {
        token = tokenData!;
      });
    });
  }

  void _firebaseCloudMessagingListeners() {
    FirebaseMessaging.onMessage.listen((RemoteMessage message) {
      RemoteNotification? notification = message.notification;
      AndroidNotification? android = message.notification?.android;
      AppleNotification? ios = message.notification?.apple;
      if (notification != null && (android != null || ios != null) && !kIsWeb) {
        flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.show(
          notification.hashCode,
          notification.title,
          notification.body,
          NotificationDetails(
              android: AndroidNotificationDetails(
                  channel.id,
                  channel.name,
                  icon: 'ic_launcher'
              ),
              iOS: const IOSNotificationDetails()
          ),
        );
      }
    });
    FirebaseMessaging.onMessageOpenedApp.listen((RemoteMessage message) {
    	//Foreground 에서 수신했을 때 생성되는 heads up notification 클릭했을 때의 동작을 작성
    });
  }
}

 

 

 

 

channel = const AndroidNotificationChannel(
  'high_importance_channel', // id
  'High Importance Notifications', // title
  importance: Importance.high,
);

위 부분은 채널을 설정하는 부분이다.

id 부분은 meta-data에 작성한 value로 작성하면 된다.

 

await FirebaseMessaging.instance.requestPermission(
  alert: true,
  announcement: true,
  badge: true,
  carPlay: true,
  criticalAlert: true,
  provisional: true,
  sound: true,
);

위 부분은 권한을 받는 부분이다.

 

await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin
    .resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<
    AndroidFlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin>()
    ?.createNotificationChannel(channel);

위 부분은 채널을 생성하는 부분이다.

 

await flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.initialize(
    const InitializationSettings(
        android: AndroidInitializationSettings('@mipmap/ic_launcher'),
        iOS: IOSInitializationSettings()),
    onSelectNotification: (String? payload) async {
    
    });

위 부분은 flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin을 초기화하는 부분이다.

 

FirebaseMessaging.onMessage.listen((RemoteMessage message) {
  RemoteNotification? notification = message.notification;
  AndroidNotification? android = message.notification?.android;
  AppleNotification? ios = message.notification?.apple;
  if (notification != null && (android != null || ios != null) && !kIsWeb) {
    flutterLocalNotificationsPlugin.show(
      notification.hashCode,
      notification.title,
      notification.body,
      NotificationDetails(
          android: AndroidNotificationDetails(
              channel.id,
              channel.name,
              icon: 'ic_launcher'
          ),
          iOS: const IOSNotificationDetails()
      ),
    );
  }
});

위 코드는 Foreground에서 메시지를 수신 받았을 때의 코드를 작성하는 부분이다.